| 1869
|
|
Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi
born in Porbandar in
Gujarat. |
|
1893
|
|
Gandhi leaves for Johannesburg
for practicing law and is thrown out of a first class bogie
because he is colored. |
|
1906
|
|
Mohandas K. Gandhi, 37, speaks
at a mass meeting in the Empire Theater, Johannesburg
on September 11 and launches a campaign of nonviolent resistance
(satyagraha) to protest discrimination against Indians.
The British Government had just invalidated the Indian Marriage. |
|
1913
|
|
Mohandas Gandhi in Transvaal,
South Africa leads 2,500 Indians into the in defiance of a law,
they are violently arrested, Gandhi refuses to pay a fine, he
is jailed, his supporters demonstrate November 25, and Natal
police fire into the crowd, killing two, injuring 20. |
|
1914
|
|
Mohandas Gandhi returns to
India at age 45 after 21 years of practicing law in South Africa
where he organized a campaign of “passive resistance” to protest
his mistreatment by whites for his defense of Asian immigrants.
He attracts wide attention in India by conducting a fast—the
first of 14 that he will stage as political demonstrations and
that will inaugurate the idea of the political fast |
|
1930
|
|
A civil disobedience campaign
against the British in India begins March 12. The All-India
Trade Congress has empowered Gandhi to begin the demonstrations
(see 1914). Called Mahatma for the past decade, Gandhi leads a 165-mile march
to the Gujarat coast of the Arabian
Sea and produces salt by evaporation of sea water in violation
of the law as a gesture of defiance against the British monopoly
in salt production |
|
1932
|
|
Gandhi begins a “fast unto
death” to protest the British government's treatment of India's
lowest caste “untouchables” whom Gandhi calls Harijans—”God's
children.” Gandhi's campaign of civil disobedience has brought
rioting and has landed him in prison, but he persists in his
demands for social reform, he urges a new boycott of British
goods, and after 6 days of fasting obtains a pact that improves
the status of the “untouchables” |
|
1947
|
|
India becomes free from 200
years of British Rule. A major victory for Gandhian principles
and non-violence in general. |
|
1948
|
|
Gandhi is assassinated by
Nathuram Godse, a Hindu fanatic at a prayer meeting |
