Skills for Health
Skills-based health education including life skills: An important component of a Child-Friendly/Health-Promoting School (World Health Organization) (scarica gratuitamente 90 pagine .pdf 414 Kb)

PREFACE .......................................................................................................................................................v
1. INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................................................1
1.1. International support for school health....................................................................................................1
1.2. Why was this document prepared? ........................................................................................................2
1.3. For whom was this document prepared? ..............................................................................................2
1.4. What are skills-based health education and life skills? ..........................................................................3
1.5. What is the focus of this document?......................................................................................................4
2. UNDERSTANDING SKILLS-BASED HEALTH EDUCATION AND LIFE SKILLS ..........................................6
2.1. Content...................................................................................................................................................7
2.2. Teaching and learning methods for skills-based health education .....................................................13
3. THEORIES AND PRINCIPLES SUPPORTING SKILLS-BASED HEALTH EDUCATION ....................19
3.1. Child and Adolescent Development Theories........................................................................................19
3.2. Multiple Intelligences ............................................................................................................................20
3.3. Social Learning Theory or Social Cognitive Theory.............................................................................20
3.4. Problem-Behaviour Theory ....................................................................................................................21
3.5. Social Influence Theory and Social Inoculation Theory.......................................................................21
3.6. Cognitive Problem Solving ....................................................................................................................22
3.7. Resilience Theory .................................................................................................................................22
3.8. Theory of Reasoned Action and Health Belief Model ..........................................................................23
3.9. Stages of Change Theory or Transtheoretical Model ............................................................................24
4. EVALUATION EVIDENCE AND LESSONS LEARNED................................................................................25
4.1. Major research evidence concerning the effectiveness of skills-based health education..................25
4.2. Which factors contribute to effective programmes? ............................................................................27
4.3. Which factors can create barriers to effective skills-based health education?...................................30
5. PRIORITY ACTIONS FOR QUALITY AND SCALE ..........................................................................32
5.1. Going to scale .....................................................................................................................................33
5.2. Skills-based health education as part of comprehensive school health................................................34
5.3. Effective Placement within the curriculum ..........................................................................................36
5.4. Using existing materials better..............................................................................................................41
5.5. Linking content to behavioural outcomes ............................................................................................42
5.6. Professional Development for Teachers and support teams ................................................................45
6. PLANNING AND EVALUATING SKILLS-BASED HEALTH EDUCATION ......................49
6.1. Situation analysis .................................................................................................................................49
6.2. Participation and ownership of all stakeholders....................................................................................50
6.3. Programme goals and objectives ..........................................................................................................51
6.4. Advocating for your programme............................................................................................................51
6.5. Evaluating Skills-based Health Education..............................................................................................53
6.5.1. Process Evaluation ...............................................................................................................................54
6.5.2. Outcome Evaluation ..............................................................................................................................55
6.5.3. Assessing skills-based health education and life skills in the classroom.........................................59
Appendix 1: Documents in the WHO Information Series on School Health .............................................62
Appendix 2: Resources ...................................................................................................................................64
Appendix 3: Selected skills-based health education interventions .............................................................66
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................................76